yanjun wrote:woow...thanks for that!!! and yes...that's exactly the reason why i hate japanese now cuz i dunno what's going on in lessons lol...understood much more from the explanations...hahah thankkks!!! :mrgreen:
oh and another very very irritating one... passive form and causative form.. Žg–ðŒ`@and ŽógŒ`...and the combination of both...sorry for the trouble...but i'm really getting a headache over these forms.. :banghead:
Causative:
'seru' and 'saseru'
these auxiliary verbs are used to make sentences that mean:
"to let(or make) someone do something"
Which one to choose depends on whether the main verb is of the 4 group (yodankatsuyou) or the 2 group (nidankatsuyou). The group with 4 forms takes 'saseru' and the 2 group takes 'seru'. The aux. verb is added to the same base you also use for '-nai'. The causative form has the sense of 'forcing' someone a bit.
miru (2) -> mi.saseru (to let/make one see, don't confuse with 'miseru'=to show)
taberu (2) -> tabe.saseru (to let one eat)
wakaru (4) -> waka.ra.seru (to let one understand. ofcourse you would use another word meaning 'explain' instead.)
nomu (4) -> noma.seru (to let one drink)
isha ha boku ni kusuri wo nomaseta
"The doctor made me drink a medicine"
ryoushin ha kodomo ni hayaku nesasemasu
"the parents make the children go to bed early"
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Passive:
'reru' and 'rareru'
What we had to learn, was that passive can be used in 4 ways. I suggest u remember the 4 as a list in ur head:
- honorable form
- passive form
- potential form
- 'troubling / bothering' form
The same rules to which aux. verb to choose are the same as for 'seru'. The short one for group4 and the long one for group2. It is also put after the 'nai' base. Excuse me for keeping forgetting the names of the bases -_- (oh i checked its mizenkei)
Honorable:
- sensei ha itsu ka koraremasu ka?
"when will you come, sir?" (to teacher)
Normal Passive:
- pan ha tabe.rareta
"the bread was eaten"
the meaning of this sentence is I think the same as saying: "pan ha tabete
aru"
- kyou, tori ha uchi no neko ni korosareta
"Today a bird was killed by our cat" (which is actually true lol)
Potential:
- sonna no wo taberarenai yo!
"I can't each such a thing!" or "Such things are not eadible!"
Passive form of bother:
(on my univ. we call it "meiwaku no ukemi" –À˜f‚ÌŽóg but it seems that japanese have usually never heard of this term :S)
this form might be difficult to understand at first. Basically, it is used to describe that something
happened to you, and you are bothered by it / you don't like it. The use of the particles might be especially confusing.
- Boku ga gaki ni jitensha wo nusumareta n da yo!
"My bike has been stolen by some brat!"
(litterally: "I got my bike stolen by some brat!" i this correct english? if not, some things you can't say in english that you Can in japanese)
- keiki wo kodomo ni taberareta
"(what a bother) the kids ate (my / the) cake"
(litterally: "i got my cake eaten by the kids")
pay special attention to the particles:
- keiki ga kodomo ni taberareta
"the cake has been eaten by the kids"
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Hope this helps, good luck! If there's any mistake, i'm sorry - and please correct me.
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